In recent years, conflict in the Middle East has continued to develop, with various dynamics influencing each other. One of the main issues is the tension between Iran and Saudi Arabia, which has affected stability in the region. These disputes often stem from ideological differences, with Iran, as a Shiite power, at odds with the Sunni-educated Saudis. These tensions are reflected in their respective support for armed groups in Yemen, Syria and Iraq. In Yemen, the armed conflict between the Saudi-backed government and Iran-backed Houthi rebels has reached a critical point. Airstrikes carried out by the Saudi-led coalition have caused a severe humanitarian crisis, while the Houthis continue to launch rockets into Saudi territory, increasing regional tensions. Meanwhile, the ongoing peace talks have not shown any signs of success in reducing tensions. In Syria, the situation also remains complex. The conflict is fraught with various external powers, including Russia which supports President Bashar al-Assad, while the US and its allies provide support to the opposition. The withdrawal of some US troops has done little to ease tensions, and the presence of extremist groups such as ISIS remains a threat to stability. Lebanon also did not escape the impact of the conflict. The militant force Hezbollah, which has ties to Iran, has soured Lebanon’s relations with Israel. Tensions between the two countries often arise in the form of cross-border attacks and fighting in offshore waters. Israel, fearful of Hezbollah’s strength, is trying to build stronger defenses, creating a new cycle of tension. The progress of the conflict in Gaza is also in the spotlight. The Gaza Strip, controlled by Hamas, has become a battleground with Israel, which has counterattacked rocket launches. The failed peace process and the absence of a sustainable political solution led to an increase in violence. Civilians are often the victims, and the humanitarian crisis continues. In this context, the role of global powers is key. The US continues to try to strengthen alliances with Sunni Arab countries to contain Iran’s influence. However, this has invited backlash from countries allied with Iran, fueling further tensions. International diplomacy involving the European Union and the UN also tries to find a solution, but is often hampered by the national interests of each country. Meanwhile, the technological revolution and social media began to play an important role in informing and mobilizing support for various groups in the Middle East. This has created new challenges for the government and opposition forces seeking to control the narrative. With such complex and layered dynamics, recent developments in the Middle East show that conflict resolution requires a more inclusive approach and ongoing dialogue between all parties involved.
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